Is your Ford Fusion showing that dreaded “Power Steering Assist Fault” message? You might’ve noticed your steering wheel suddenly feels like it weighs a ton. This common issue affects thousands of Ford Fusion owners, and it can happen without warning. I’ll walk you through what causes this problem, how to diagnose it, and your repair options—from simple fixes you can try yourself to when you’ll need professional help.
What Is the Ford Fusion Power Steering Assist Fault?
The Ford Fusion power steering assist fault occurs when the electronic power-assisted steering (EPAS) system fails or malfunctions. Unlike older cars with hydraulic systems, the Fusion uses a fully electronic system to help you steer. When it stops working, you’ll see a warning message on your dashboard, and steering becomes significantly harder—sometimes feeling like you’re driving a car from the 1950s with no power steering at all!
This issue affects multiple Ford Fusion model years from 2010-2020, with the 2010-2012 and 2013-2016 models being particularly problematic.
How the Electronic Power Steering System Works
Ford started using electronic power-assisted steering (EPAS) around 2008 to improve fuel economy and enable advanced driver assistance features. Unlike old-school hydraulic systems that use fluid pressure, the EPAS system is entirely electronic.
The system includes:
- Power Steering Control Module (PSCM)
- Electric motor built into the steering rack
- Torque sensors to detect steering force
- Steering angle sensors
When you turn the wheel, sensors detect how much force you’re applying and tell the electric motor to provide the right amount of assistance. The system is designed to give more help at low speeds (like when parking) and less at highway speeds for better road feel.
What makes this setup tricky is that it’s vulnerable to both electrical and mechanical problems. When any component fails, the whole system can shut down as a safety measure.
Common Causes of Power Steering Failures
Electrical Problems
The most common culprits behind steering assist failures are surprisingly simple:
Blown Fuses: Check these two critical fuses first:
- Fuse #19 (10-amp) in the main engine compartment fuse box
- Fuse #8 (70-amp) in the high-current junction box under the main fuse box
Don’t just look at the fuses—test them with a multimeter. They can be blown without visible damage, as demonstrated in this helpful diagnostic video.
Battery and Charging System Issues: The EPAS system needs a stable 12-volt power supply. If your battery is weak or your alternator isn’t charging properly, the power steering system may shut down to protect itself. This is why the fault sometimes appears intermittently—it can happen when voltage drops below a certain threshold, then work fine when voltage returns to normal.
A forum member reported that their steering fault was completely resolved after replacing a failing battery, even though the battery seemed to start the car fine.
Mechanical Problems
Surprisingly, mechanical issues often trigger electronic steering faults. The EPAS system constantly monitors steering effort, and if it detects too much resistance, it may enter a protective mode and shut down.
Common mechanical triggers include:
- Wheel alignment problems
- Worn suspension components
- Uneven tire pressure
- Binding steering components
One Ford Fusion owner discovered their recurring power steering fault was caused by a loose tie rod end. After replacing it and performing a wheel alignment, the problem disappeared completely.
Component Failures
When it’s not a simple fuse or alignment issue, these components are the usual suspects:
Torque Sensor Failures: The steering column torque sensor (associated with diagnostic code B2278) often fails in Ford vehicles with EPAS. When this sensor goes bad, it can cause erratic steering behavior—including steering wheel shaking or jerking on its own. Replacing this typically requires removing the steering column assembly.
Power Steering Control Module (PSCM): This is the brain of the system. When it fails, you’ll often see communication error codes like U0420, U3000, or C200B. Replacing the PSCM usually requires both a new module and professional reprogramming with dealer-level equipment, as shown in this repair demonstration.
Complete Steering Rack Failure: The most expensive scenario involves failure of the entire electric steering rack assembly. This typically happens when internal electronic components fail, often due to overheating of the MOSFET transistors inside the steering motor. When the rack fails completely, you’re looking at a major repair bill.
Recalls and Factory Coverage
Ford has issued multiple recalls for power steering problems in certain Fusion models:
| Recall Campaign | Year Issued | Models Affected | Issue | Remedy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHTSA #15V250000 | 2015 | 2013-2015 Fusion and Lincoln MKZ | Corrosion of motor attachment bolts | Free replacement of bolts or steering gear |
| NHTSA #19V632000 | 2019 | 2013-2016 Fusion and Lincoln MKZ | Corrosion in high-salt environments | Wax sealer application and bolt replacement |
However, many owners report their vehicles with identical symptoms aren’t covered because they fall outside specific VIN ranges or geographic restrictions. This has left many facing expensive repairs for what appears to be the same defect.
You can check if your vehicle is covered by a recall by visiting the NHTSA recall website and entering your VIN.
DIY Diagnosis: Where to Start
Before taking your car to a shop, try these diagnostic steps:
Step 1: Check the Fuses
This is the easiest and cheapest place to start. You’ll need a multimeter to properly test the fuses mentioned earlier. Don’t rely on visual inspection alone.
- Locate fuse #19 (10-amp) in the engine compartment fuse box
- Test it with a multimeter for continuity
- Find and test fuse #8 (70-amp) in the high-current junction box
- Replace any blown fuses with the correct amperage
Step 2: Check Battery and Charging System
A weak battery or failing alternator can cause steering assist faults:
- Test battery voltage (should be 12.6V when off, 14-14.7V when running)
- Have your alternator output tested under load
- Check for corrosion on battery terminals
- Clean connections and ensure they’re tight
Step 3: Try the Reset Procedure
Some owners have had success with this reset procedure:
- Disconnect both battery terminals
- Touch the disconnected cables together briefly (away from the battery)
- Leave the battery disconnected for 6 hours
- Reconnect the battery and test the steering
This procedure can sometimes clear electronic glitches, as demonstrated in this owner video.
Step 4: Check for Mechanical Issues
Look for signs of mechanical problems that might be overworking your power steering:
- Check tire pressure and ensure all tires match
- Look for uneven tire wear patterns
- Inspect suspension components for wear
- Test for binding in the steering components
Understanding Diagnostic Trouble Codes
If you have access to a diagnostic scanner that can read Ford-specific codes, these are the most common ones related to power steering problems:
| Code | Description | Typical Cause |
|---|---|---|
| C200B:29 | Steering shaft torque sensor signal invalid | Often indicates steering rack replacement needed |
| B2278 | Torque sensor fault | Typically requires torque sensor replacement |
| U0420 | Invalid data received from power steering module | PSCM communication issue |
| U3000 | Control module | Internal PSCM failure |
As noted in technical documentation, these codes usually require specific diagnostic equipment to read and interpret properly.
Repair Costs: What to Expect
Repair costs vary dramatically depending on what’s causing the problem:
- Fuse replacement: $5-$20 if you do it yourself
- Battery replacement: $150-$300
- Wheel alignment: $80-$200
- Torque sensor replacement: $400-$900
- PSCM module replacement and programming: $500-$1,200
- Complete steering rack replacement: $1,500-$4,000
Independent shops typically charge 30-40% less than dealerships for major repairs. However, some repairs—particularly those involving module programming—may require dealer-level diagnostic tools that independent shops don’t have.
According to RepairPal, the average cost to replace a Ford Fusion steering rack is between $1,698 and $2,168, including parts and labor.
Preventive Maintenance Tips
While some EPAS failures are unavoidable, these maintenance tips can help prevent problems:
- Keep your battery healthy: Have it tested annually and replace it every 4-5 years.
- Maintain proper tire pressure: Check monthly and before long trips.
- Get regular wheel alignments: Especially after hitting potholes or curbs.
- Address electrical issues promptly: Flickering lights or slow starting could indicate problems that might affect your power steering.
- Keep connections clean: Protect electrical connections from corrosion, particularly if you live in an area where road salt is used.
- Use the right tires: Ensure your tires match in size and tread pattern to avoid uneven resistance that can trigger steering faults.
As noted by professional technicians, properly functioning mechanical components are essential for electronic power steering systems to work correctly.
When DIY Won’t Cut It
Some situations require professional help:
- You’ve checked fuses and battery but the problem persists
- Steering feels erratic or unpredictable (could indicate a dangerous failure)
- Multiple warning lights are illuminated on your dashboard
- The steering wheel jerks on its own (a safety-critical issue requiring immediate attention)
- You need module programming after component replacement
EPAS repairs often require specialized diagnostic equipment and software not available to DIYers. Module programming, in particular, typically requires Ford IDS (Integrated Diagnostic Software) or similar dealer-level tools.
Real-World Experience
Many Ford Fusion owners share their experiences online, which can provide valuable insights:
A 2012 Fusion owner on Ford Fusion Club forums described their persistent steering fault that disappeared after replacing a tie rod and getting a wheel alignment. They had previously replaced expensive components unnecessarily.
Another owner discovered their intermittent power steering failure was caused by a corroded ground connection near the battery—a five-minute fix that saved them thousands in unnecessary repairs.
These real-world examples highlight the importance of systematic diagnosis rather than jumping to expensive part replacements.
Making the Right Repair Decision
If you’re faced with a power steering assist fault in your Ford Fusion, follow this decision path:
- Start with the simple checks: fuses, battery, and basic mechanical inspection.
- If those check out, consider the age and value of your car versus repair costs.
- For high-mileage vehicles, consider whether a used steering rack from a salvage yard might be a cost-effective option.
- For newer vehicles, check if you’re covered under any recall or extended warranty program.
- Get multiple repair quotes—prices can vary dramatically between dealers and independent shops.
Remember that proper diagnosis is crucial. Replacing expensive components without identifying the root cause often leads to continued problems and wasted money.
The Ford Fusion power steering assist fault can be frustrating, but understanding the possible causes and diagnostic approach can save you time, money, and stress. Whether you tackle the simple checks yourself or seek professional help, having this knowledge puts you in a better position to get your Fusion’s steering working properly again.
